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This dataset includes (1) original data from a dissolved organic carbon (DOC) incubation experiment and (2) a data synthesis of the DOC incubation experiment literature. Study component (1) was a factorial lab experiment crossing varying dissolved organic matter (DOM) sources (Suwannee River Fulvic Acid, Elliott soil leachate, Chlorella leachate) with varying microbial communities. The objective of this study component was to test the interacting effects of microbial community composition and DOM characteristics on carbon (C) biodegradation. We used a Micro-Oxymax Respirometer (Columbus Instruments, Columbus, Ohio) to measure carbon dioxide and oxygen accumulation at two hour intervals for a period of two weeks, and quantified the initial and final concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen of each experimental unit. To verify that the three DOM source solutions had differing chemical compositions and potential bioreactivity, we optically characterized each DOM source using mass spectra analysis and excitation-emission matrices (EEMs). Study component (2) is a synthesis of DOC concentrations from the C degradation experiment literature. The criteria for including a study in this synthesis was that (a) incubation DOM was sourced from a river, lake, marine, estuary, or marsh, and (b) that C concentrations were measured at least twice throughout the incubation in addition to an initial measurement. For each study, we extracted initial DOC values, elapsed incubation time, and reported DOC concentrations during the incubation period for each experimental treatment. This data package is completed. 

Biological nitrogen fixation is the conversion of dinitrogen (N2) gas into bioavailable nitrogen by microorganisms with consequences for primary production, ecosystem function, and global climate. Here we present a compiled dataset of 4793 nitrogen fixation (N2-fixation) rates measured in the water column and benthos of inland and coastal systems via the acetylene reduction assay, 15N2 labeling, or N2/Ar technique. While the data are distributed across seven continents, most observations (88%) are from the northern hemisphere. 15N2 labeling accounted for 67% of water column measurements, while the acetylene reduction assay accounted for 81% of benthic N2-fixation observations. Dataset median area-, volume-, and mass-normalized N2-fixation rates are 7.1 μmol N2-N m−2 h−1, 2.3 × 10−4 μmol N2-N L−1 h−1, and 4.8 × 10−4 μmol N2-N g−1 h−1, respectively. This dataset will facilitate future efforts to study and scale N2-fixation contributions across inland and coastal aquatic environments. 

We conducted a cross-ecoregion study to test the hypothesis that N-fixation and denitrification would co-occur in streams and rivers across a range of reactive N concentrations. Between 2017 and 2019, we sampled 30 streams in 13 ecoregions, using chambers to quantify N-fixation using acetylene reduction and denitrification using acetylene block. 25 of the study streams were part of the National Ecological Observatory Network or the StreamPULSE network, which provided data on water temperature, light, nutrients, discharge and metabolism. Although N-fixation and denitrification occur under contrasting environmental conditions, we found that they co-occurred in ca. 40% of stream ecosystems surveyed, and microbes capable of carrying out each process were found in all surveyed streams. This dataset includes the chamber data used to calculate nitrogen fixation and denitrification rates, stream substrate information used to scale rates from substrate to whole-reach scale, and a variety of reach-to-landscape scale covariates used to evaluate predictors of rates across the study streams. 

Biological nitrogen fixation converts inert di-nitrogen gas into bioavailable nitrogen and can be an important source of bioavailable nitrogen to organisms. This dataset synthesizes the aquatic nitrogen fixation rate measurements across inland and coastal waters. Data were derived from papers and datasets published by April 2022 and include rates measured using the acetylene reduction assay (ARA), 15N2 labeling, or the N2/Ar technique. The dataset is comprised of 4793 nitrogen fixation rates measurements from 267 studies, and is structured into four tables: 1) a reference table with sources from which data were extracted, 2) a rates table with nitrogen fixation rates that includes habitat, substrate, geographic coordinates, and method of measuring N2 fixation rates, 3) a table with supporting environmental and chemical data for a subset of the rate measurements when data were available, and 4) a data dictionary with definitions for each variable in each data table. This dataset was compiled and curated by the NSF-funded Aquatic Nitrogen Fixation Research Coordination Network (award number 2015825). 

Objective This study investigates how team cognition occurs in care transitions from operating room (OR) to intensive care unit (ICU). We then seek to understand how the sociotechnical system and team cognition are related. Background Effective handoffs are critical to ensuring patient safety and have been the subject of many improvement efforts. However, the types of team-level cognitive processing during handoffs have not been explored, nor is it clear how the sociotechnical system shapes team cognition. Method We conducted this study in an academic, Level 1 trauma center in the Midwestern United States. Twenty-eight physicians (surgery, anesthesia, pediatric critical care) and nurses (OR, ICU) participated in semi-structured interviews. We performed qualitative content analysis and epistemic network analysis to understand the relationships between system factors, team cognition in handoffs and outcomes. Results Participants described three team cognition functions in handoffs—(1) information exchange, (2) assessment, and (3) planning and decision making; information exchange was mentioned most. Work system factors influenced team cognition. Inter-professional handoffs facilitated information exchange but included large teams with diverse backgrounds communicating, which can be inefficient. Intra-professional handoffs decreased team size and role diversity, which may simplify communication but increase information loss. Participants in inter-professional handoffs reflected on outcomes significantly more in relation to system factors and team cognition ( p < 0.001), while participants in intra-professional handoffs discussed handoffs as a task. Conclusion Handoffs include team cognition, which was influenced by work system design. Opportunities for handoff improvement include a flexibly standardized process and supportive tools/technologies. We recommend incorporating perspectives of the patient and family in future work. 

Abstract Plant, soil, and aquatic microbiomes interact, but scientists often study them independently. Integrating knowledge across these traditionally separate subdisciplines will generate better understanding of microbial ecological properties. Interactions among plant, soil, and aquatic microbiomes, as well as anthropogenic factors, influence important ecosystem processes, including greenhouse gas fluxes, crop production, nonnative species control, and nutrient flux from terrestrial to aquatic habitats. Terrestrial microbiomes influence nutrient retention and particle movement, thereby influencing the composition and functioning of aquatic microbiomes, which, themselves, govern water quality, and the potential for harmful algal blooms. Understanding how microbiomes drive links among terrestrial (plant and soil) and aquatic habitats will inform management decisions influencing ecosystem services. In the present article, we synthesize knowledge of microbiomes from traditionally disparate fields and how they mediate connections across physically separated systems. We identify knowledge gaps currently limiting our abilities to actualize microbiome management approaches for addressing environmental problems and optimize ecosystem services.